IJFANS International Journal of Food and Nutritional Sciences

ISSN PRINT 2319 1775 Online 2320-7876

UNDERSTANDING THE PRACTICES OF WITCHCRAFT AND SORCERY

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Dr. Vikramendra Kumar

Abstract

A number of social philosophers have used their work on witches to illustrate the connection between religion and culture. These ideas are safeguarded by a system of social processes, argues Evans Pritchard (Douglas 1970). According to Levy Bruhl, one is driven to embrace such views due to societal pressure (Douglas 1970). Witchcraft, oracles, sorcery, and magic were thus accepted beliefs and behaviours in pre-modern western and aboriginal communities in order to preserve social order. Prehistoric peoples in South America, Europe, and Africa relied heavily on witchcraft rituals to guide their daily lives. Any gender might be a witch. According to traditional beliefs, witchcraft is a "psychic act" that addresses a person's mental health issues and is thus intrinsic to the human condition. It stems from animosity, envy, or competition between the parties involved. When a family member becomes sick, they go to an oracle to figure out what's wrong. The oracle, in the course of his magical ceremonies, attempts to identify the witch who is causing the victim pain, as this is where the initial suspicion usually lies; subsequent charges and admissions are based on this. Similarly, the assumptions and ideas that uphold witchcraft practices and its impact on social life vary greatly between countries. In his seminal study on Azande belief systems in witchcraft, "Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande," Evans-Pritchard (1976) explains that the Azande view witchcraft as a moral code that governs how people should act. From farming to housekeeping, from ethics and the law to proper protocol, in their view, witchcraft is pervasive and involved in all facets of life. In addition, it provides the Azande with a natural philosophy that explains the connection between humans and disasters. Since they attribute all forms of misfortune and failure to witchcraft. Even though they blame witches for every bad thing that happens, their belief does not go against what is known about cause and effect from science. In certain cases, individuals may also make a rational determination of the cause, rather than relying on mystical reasoning, due to the needs of society.

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