This study explores the Role of Social Protest in Hughes’s Writing. Langston Hughes, a pivotal figure in the Harlem Renaissance, employed his writing as a powerful instrument of social protest, addressing racial and social injustices with profound insight and innovation. Hughes's work is distinguished by its vivid portrayal of African American life, challenge to racial stereotypes, and celebration of Black culture. His poetry, stories, and essays reflect a deep engagement with the lived experiences of Black Americans, emphasizing their struggles, resilience, and contributions to American culture. Central to Hughes's protest is his focus on the everyday realities of African Americans, depicted with authenticity and dignity. His writing counters prevailing racial stereotypes by presenting Black characters in their full humanity and complexity. Hughes's celebration of Black culture, particularly through the integration of jazz and blues rhythms, serves as both a cultural affirmation and a challenge to the dominant literary norms that marginalized Black artistic expressions. Hughes's political and social critique is evident in his direct and poignant commentary on systemic racism and economic inequality. Poems like “Let America Be America Again” and stories in The Ways of White Folks expose the gaps between American ideals and the lived reality of marginalized communities. His activism extends beyond his literary work, involving him in civil rights and labor movements, demonstrating his commitment to social change. Overall, Hughes's role as a social protest writer is characterized by his innovative use of form, his dedication to representing African American experiences, and his active engagement in advocating for social justice. His work remains a vital testament to the power of literature in challenging injustice and advocating for a more equitable society.