Design activities in education provide an effective way to develop problem-solving skills, creativity, and critical thinking among students. This research focuses on the role of teachers in developing design activities for middle school students in Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. Through case studies, interviews, and observation, the research explores the effectiveness of design-based learning in enhancing the cognitive and emotional development of students. The findings demonstrate that well-structured design activities, aligned with curricular goals, significantly improve student engagement, collaboration, and performance in both STEM and non-STEM subjects.