This study explores the Hughes' Engagement with Folklore and Oral Tradition. Langston Hughes' engagement with folklore and oral tradition was a cornerstone of his literary artistry, profoundly shaping his portrayal of African American life and culture. Hughes, a seminal figure in the Harlem Renaissance, adeptly wove elements of African American folklore into his poetry, prose, and plays, utilizing these traditions to reflect and celebrate the lived experiences of Black Americans. His innovative use of vernacular language and dialect not only captured the authentic voice of African Americans but also served to challenge prevailing literary conventions and elevate Black linguistic heritage. Central to Hughes’ work was his incorporation of folkloric themes and characters, such as the trickster figure and traditional proverbs, which he used to explore social and racial issues with humor and insight. By blending these elements with contemporary themes, Hughes addressed the complexities of African American identity and resistance, providing a nuanced critique of social injustices. Music, particularly blues and jazz, also played a significant role in Hughes’ literary output, reflecting his deep appreciation for these oral traditions. His poetry often mirrored the rhythmic and melodic qualities of these musical forms, creating a rich, evocative style that connected literary expression to the cultural practices of the African American community. Furthermore, Hughes’ engagement with oral history allowed him to capture and preserve the narratives of ordinary Black individuals, emphasizing the communal and historical dimensions of storytelling. His revitalization of African myths and traditions demonstrated a commitment to linking African American cultural expressions with their African roots. Overall, Hughes’ work exemplifies how folklore and oral tradition can be harnessed to create a powerful and authentic literary voice. His integration of these elements not only celebrated African American culture but also contributed to a broader understanding of its significance in American literature.