COMPREHENSIVE GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN SOYBEAN THROUGH MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES

Abstract

Soybean is important for sustainable crop production to convene future food demands. Genetic diversity is used for the analysis of variance revealing significant differences among the mutants for ten morphological traits. An experiment was conducted in 2018 to study genetic variability and genetic diversity among 22 soybean genotypes. All genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study of all genotypes exhibited a high degree of variance concerning all the traits viz., plant height, intermodal length, number of trifoliate leaves per plant, pods per plant, seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, pod weight, and seed yield plant. The phenotypic variance was higher than the corresponding genotypic variance for most of the characters. Seeds plant (115.2) exhibited the highest mean value followed by days to maturity (88.91 days) and plant height (68.48 cm) while the lowest mean was recorded in intermodal length (5.586). Column statistical data of the p-value of all Quantitative traits was revealed as non-significant (P>0.10). The considerable range of variation expressed for the traits indicated good scope for genetic improvement all the genetic parameters of variations. Good contract was observed between the magnitudes of phenotypic with genotype variance. The highest genotypic variance was observed for the attribute seeds per plant (GV = 2.293). The highest phenotypic variance was observed for the attributes Seeds per plant (PV = 0.787). Estimation of the coefficient of variations which takes into account the mean of each character gives the actual basis for the comparison. Considering the genetic variability, heritability, and analysis of correlation, importance should be given to morphological characters through the selection of phenotypic and inter-genotypic distances for the genotypic selection for development of high-yielding genotypes of soybean.