A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ALLERGIC DISEASES: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OPTIONS

Abstract

Allergic reactions are a complex and frequently misunderstood aspect of the immune system's response to external stimuli. These abstract aims to succinctly describe allergic reactions, focusing on their underlying mechanisms, common triggers, and management strategies. The primary components in allergic responses include immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, mast cells, and basophils. When an allergic individual encounters an allergen, these antibodies prompt the release of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, resulting in symptoms like itching, swelling, hives, and, in severe cases, anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions are intricate immune responses that can present in various forms and intensities