NATIONALISM AND ITS IMPACT ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Abstract

This paper explores the resurgence of nationalism and its profound impact on international relations in the 21st century. Nationalism, defined as a political ideology that prioritizes the interests of a particular nation or group, has gained traction in an era characterized by globalization, economic disparity, and cultural displacement. The interplay between nationalism and international relations has resulted in significant geopolitical shifts, influencing alliances, conflicts, and global governance frameworks. As nations increasingly prioritize their sovereignty and interests, nationalist sentiments have led to the rise of protectionism and isolationism, challenging the foundations of multilateral cooperation. This paper examines key case studies, such as the rise of populist movements in Europe, the United States’ "America First" policy, and China's assertive foreign policy. It highlights how these nationalist tendencies have reshaped alliances, driven conflicts, and influenced domestic politics, often resulting in tensions between national identity and global cooperation.